Chronological Index
¶(Names printed in small capitals refer to entries in the General Index)
¶1316-1307 B. c.—Siege of Troy by the Greeks under Agamemnon, King of Argos900-800 B. c.—Birth of Homer, Greek epic poet. There is great uncertaintyregarding both the date and place of his birth557 B. c.—Birth of Siddhartha Gautama, known as Buddha, founder of Buddhism,the "Light of Asia"551 B. c.—Birth of Confucius, Chinese philosopher and moralist550 B. c.—Birth of ^Esop, Greek fabulist (supposed date)525 B. c.—Birth of ^Cschylus, father of classic Greek tragedy500-300 B. c.—^The Maha Bharata, Hindu epic, probable date of writing, accordingto the claims of most scholars495 B. c.—Birth of Sophocles, the "most perfectly balanced among the three greatmasters of Greek tragedy"492 B. c.—CoRioLANUs (Ghkus Marcius), defeats the Volsci, an Italic tribe, cap-turing their town Corioli, whence his surname491 B. c.—Coriolanus banished from Rome for demanding the deposition of theplebeian tribunes490 B. c.—Battle of Marathon between the Athenians and Platieans under Miltiadesand the Persian army of Darius490 B. c.—Birth of Herouotus, the "father of history" (supposed date)480 B. c.—Birth of Euripides, Greek tragedian, the youngest of the great trio479 B. c.—The battle of Mycale, between the Greeks under Leotychides, Kingof Sparta, and the army of Xerxes478 B. c.—Death of Confucius477 B. c.—Death of Buddha466 B. c.—Pericles, General of Athenian forces, subdues revolts in Eubcea andMegara470-460 B. c.—Birth of Hippocrates, Greek physician, the "father of medicine"469 B. 0.—Birth of Socrates, Athenian philosopher, the central figure in thehistory of Greek thought468 B. c.—Death of Aristides, called "The Just," Athenian statesman and general(supposed date)456 B. 0.—Death of ^Eschylus (supposed date)455 B. c.—Pericles overruns the Peloponnesus450 B. c.—Birth of Alcibiades, Athenian statesman and general450 B. c.—Birth of Aristophanes, "the greatest of the comic writers in Greek"(supposed date)444—429 B. c.—Pericles serves as ruler of the Athenian Commonwealth428 B. c.-^Birth of Plato, Athenian philosopher, disciple of Socrates426 B. c.—Death of Herodotus (supposed date)407 B. c.—Alcibiades, Athenian statesman, deposed406 B. c.—Death of Euripides405 B. c.—Death of Sophocles404 B. c.—Death of Alcibiades400 B. c.—Book of Job written, according to many scholars399 b. c.—Death of Socrates[454]388 B. c.—Death of Aristophanes384 B. c.—Birth of Demosthenes, Athenian orator384 B. c.—Birth of Aristotle of Stagira, the famous Greek philosopher, whosetheories long dominated the learned world380-360 B. c.—Death of Hippocrates, Greek physician336 B. c.—Birth of Alexander the Great, King of Macedon, conqueror of mostof the then known world337 B. c.—Demosthenes chosen as foremost statesman at Athens323 B. c.—Death of Alexander the Great322 B. c.—Death of Demosthenes322 B. c.—Death of Aristotle106 B. c.—Birth of Marcus Tullius Cicero, the great Roman orator100 B. c.—Birth of Julius C^sar, Roman general and statesman (supposed date)83 B. c.—Birth of Marcus Antonius (Mark Antony), Roman triumvir and general76 B. c.—Cicero elected qua:stor to the province of Lilyba^um, Sicily70 B. 0.—Birth of Publius Vergilius Maro (Virgil), Roman epic poet; author ofthe jEneid69 B. c.—Birth of Cleopatra, Queen of Egypt, famous for her intrigues andextravagance64 B. c.—Cicero elected Consul. Crushes the conspiracy of Catiline58—50 B, c.—C*sar conquers Gaul58 B. c.—Cicero banished from Rome by the Triumvirate51 B. c.—Cicero proconsul of Cilicia49 B. c.—^War for supremacy between Caesar and Pompey. Czsar crosses theRubicon48-44 B. c.—^Julius CiESAR made dictator48 E. c.—Pompey defeated by Cesar in the battle of Pharsalia. Later murdered inEgypt46 B. c.—Cato kills himself at Utica; Caesar dictator for ten years45 B. c.—Cleopatra marries Mark Antony44 B. c.—^Julius CjEsar assassinated in Rome43 B. c.—Cicero killed by agents of Antony43 B. c.—The second Triumvirate formed by Mark Antony, Octavius and Marcusi^imilius Lepidus42 B. c.—Battle of Philippi; Brutus and Cassius defeated by Antony and Octavius42 B. c.—Cleopatra meets Mark Antony by his order at Tarsus37 B. c.—Virgil's "Eclogues" completed31 B. c.—Battle of Actium between Octavius and Mark Antony30 B. c.—Death of Cleopatra, Queen of Egypt, by suicide at Alexandria. Antonycommits suicide30 B. c.—Virgil's "Georgics" first issued»9 B. c.—Death of Virgil, Roman poet7-2 B. c.—Birth of Christ46- -51 A. D.^—Birth of Plutarch, Greek biographer—the "great biographer ofAntiquity"50 A. D.—Birth of Epictetus, Grsco-Roman Stoic philosopher (supposed date)54- -58 A. D.—Paul's First and Second Episdes to the Corinthians written (supposeddate)62 A. D.—Gains Plinius Ca:cilius Secundus, known as Pliny the Younger, born69-70 A. D.—Period covered by the fragments of the "Annals" and "Histories" ofTacitus[455]100 A. D.—Pliny the Younger made consul by Trajan and governor of Bithynia113 A. D.—Death of Pliny the Younger120-130 A. D.—Death of Plutarch, the biographer121 A. D.—Birth of Marcus Aurelius Antoninus, Roman emperor and moralist.Adopted son of the Emperor Aurelius Antoninus161 A. D.-—Marcus Aurelius Antoninus succeeds to Imperial throne170-220 A. D.—Birth of St. Clement of Alexandria, one of the "Fathers" of theChristian Church (supposed date)180 A. D.—Death of Marcus Aurelius Antoninus354 a. d.—Birth of Aurelius Augustinus, known as Saint Augustine, Bishop o£Hippo, the greatest theologian of the ancient Church387 A. D.—Saint Augustine converted to Catholic Christianity from the errors ofthe Manichacan sect400 A. D.—Gloria in Excelsis, great Latin hymn, written (supposed date)430 A. D.—Death of Saint Augustine450-500 A. D.—Birth of Beowulf, hero of the Saxon epic (supposed date)571 A. D.—Birth of Mohammed, the prophet of Arabia, founder of Mohammedanism622-624 A. D.—Beginning of the Mohammedan Era and Holy War632 A. D.—Death of Mohammed673 A. D.—Birth of the venerable Bede, Saxon writer in England, most distinguishedscholar of his age676 A. D.—Birth of St. John of Damascus, great theologian of the Greek Church725 A. D.—Birth of St. Stephen the Sabaite, hymnist735 A. D.—Death of the Venerable Bede742 A. D.—Birth of Charlemagne (Charles the Great), king of the Franks andRoman Emperor778 A. D.—Charlemagne returns from Spain. The rear-guard of his army is an-nihilated at Roncesvalles by the Basques. Subject of "The Song ofRoland"814 A. D.—Death of Charlemagne935 A. D.—Birth of FiRDOusi (Abul Kasim Mausur), Persian epic poet1000 A. D.—Discovery of North America by Leif (Ericsson) the Lucky (supposeddate)1012 A. D.—Death of Firdousi1050 A. D.—Birth of Omar Khayyam, Persian astronomer and poet. Author of the"Rubaiyat"1091 A. D.—Birth of St. Bernard of Clairvaux, mystical theologian and hymnistII00 A. D.—Period assigned to Irish epic the Destruction of Da Dergas Hostel(supposed date)1112 A. d.—Birth of Wage, Anglo-Norman poet1125 A. D.—Birth of Bernard of Morlaix (or of Cluny), Benedictine monk; authorof Latin poem, basis of Jerusalem the Golden (supposed date)II80 A. d.—Death of Wage, Anglo-Norman poet1200 A. D.—Period assigned to the composition of the Volsunga Saga1200 A. D.—History of the Danes by Saxe Grammaticus written1200-1275 A. D.—Period of Thomas a Celano, author of Dies Ikm1200-1300 A. D.—Period of Jacobus de Benedictis, author of "Stabat Mater"1265 A. D.—Birth of Dante Alighieri, Italian poet, author of "The Divine Comedy"1300—1350 A. D.—Period of Sir John Mandeville, hero and reputed author of thefamous work "Travels of Sir John Mandeville"1302 A. D.-—Dante Alighieri, condemned to death by his political enemies, saves him-self by exile1313 A. D.—Birth of Giovanni Boccaccio, Italian poet and novelist; author of the"Decameron"1321 a. d.—Death of Dante Alighieri[456]1326 A. D.—Birth of John Gower, English poet (supposed date)1337 A. D.—Birth of Sir John Froissart, French poet and historian1340 A. D.—Birth of Geoffrey Chaucer, English poet1346 A. D.—The battle of Crecy in which King Edward III of England defeated theFrench Army under Philip VI1356 A. D.—Battle ot Poitiers in which Edward the Black Prince gained a greatvictory over the French and captured the French king, John II1356 A. D.—"Voyage and Travaile of Sir John Mandeville" written1364 A. D.—Chaucer's "Canterbury Tales" written1372 A. d.—Date assigned to death of Sir John Mandeville, hero of book of travels1375 A. D.—Death of Giovanni Boccaccio, "creator of the classic Italian prose andfather of the modern novel"1379—1380 A. D.—Birth of Thomas Haemmerlein, known as Thomas i Kempis1381 A. D.—Wat Tyler's Rebellion. The name usually applied to the English socialrevolt of 1381, from Wat Tyler, its chief leader1388 A. D.—Battle of Otterburn, between the forces of Percy, surnamed Hotspur,and Douglas, in which both leaders fell. The battle is commemoratedby the ballad "Chevy Chase"1400 a. d.—Death of Geoffrey Chaucer1408 a. d.^—Death of John Gower1410 A. D.—Death of Sir John Froissart1422 A. D.—Birth of William Caxton, the first English printer (supposed date)1469 A. D.—Birth of Niccolo di Bernardo Machiavelli1471 A. D.—Death of Thomas a Kempis1471 A. D.—Birth of Albrecht Durer, German painter, engraver and designer, the"greatest master of the German Renaissance"1472 A. D.—Dante's "Divine Comedy" first printed1474 A. D.—Caxton's translation of "The Recuyell of the Histories of Troy"published, the first book printed in the English language1475 A. d.—Birth of Thomas Wolsey, English Cardinal and statesman (supposeddate)J 478 A. D.—Birth of Sir Thomas More, English author and statesman1480-1537 A. D.—Birth of Alessandro de Medici, Duke of Florence (supposed date)1483 A. D.—Birth of Martin Luther, the "Founder of Protestant Civilization"1485 A. D.—Sir Thomas Malory's "Morte D'Arthur" published1491 A. D.—Death of William Caxton1492 A. D.—^The discovery of the West Indies by Christopher Columbus1495 A. D.'—Birth of Franfois Rabelais, French humorist1497 a. d.—^John Cabot discovers the mainland of North America, probably Labrador1500 A. D.—Birth of Raphael Holinshed, English chronicler1500 A. D.—Birth of Benvcnuto Cellini, Italian sculptor and goldsmithJ 503 A. D.—Birth of Sir Thomas Wyatt, English diplomatist and poet (supposeddate)1505 A. D.—Birth of John Knox, Scottish reformer, statesman and writer1506 A. D.—Birth of St. Francis Xavier, Spanish Jesuit missionary1509 A. D.-—Birth of John Calvin, French reformer and theologian1513 A. D.—Niccolo Machiavelli imprisoned and tortured1516 A. D.—Birth of Roger Ascham, English classical scholar and author1516 A. D.—"Utopia" by Thomas More written1516 A. D.—"Orlando Furioso" published1517 A. D.—Birth of Ambroise Pare, French surgeon1517 A. D.—Birth of Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey, English poet (supposed date)1517 A. D.—Martin Luther posts "The Ninety-five Theses" on the church door atWittenberg1519 A. D.—Birth of Cosimo de Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany[457]1520 A. D.—Martin Luther publishes the fundamental principles of the Reformationand is expelled from the Church1523 A. D.—Pope Clement VII elected1523 A. D.—Birth of Richard Edwards, English dramatist1526 A. D.—Sack of Rome by the Ghibelline house of Colonna1527 A. D.—Death of Niccolo Machiavelli1528 A. D.—Death of Albrecht DOrer1529 A. D.—Sir Thomas More made Lord Chancellor of England1530 A. D.—Death of Cardinal Wolsey1533 A. D.-—Birth of Michel Eyquem de Montaigne, French philosopher and essayist1533 A. D.—Death of Ludovico Ariosto1533 A. D.—John Calvin banished from Paris1534 A. D.—Martin Luther's translation of the Bible published1535 A. D.—Birth of George Gascoigne, English poet (supposed date)1535 A. D.—Sir Thomas More executed on Tower Hill1536 A. D.—Calvin's "Institutes of the Christian Religion" published1536 A. D.—Birth of Thomas Sackville, Earl of Dorset, English poet1537 A. D.—Death of Alessandro, Duke de Medici1537 A. D.—^Triumphal entry of the Emperor Charles V into Rome1539 A. D.—Birth of Sir Humphrey Gilbert, founder of the first English colony inNorth America1540 A. D.—Birth of Sir Francis Drake, English navigator (supposed date)1542 A. D.—John Knox becomes a convert to Protestant doctrines1542 A. D.—Death of Sir Thomas Wyatt1544 A. D.—Birth of Torquato Tasso, Italian epic poet1545 A. D.^Birth of Nicholas Breton, English poet (supposed date)1547 A. D.—John Knox a prisoner in France1547 A. D.—Birth of Miguel Cervantes Saavedra, Spanish novelist and poet, authoiof "Don Quixote"1547 A. D.—Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey, English poet and courtier, beheaded1549 A. D.'—-First English prayer-book composed1550 A. D.—Birth of Edward De Vere, Earl of Oxford, English poet and courtier1552 A. D.—Birth of Sir Walter Raleigh, English navigator, author, courtier andsoldier1552 A. D.—Death of St. Francis Xavier1552-1555 A. D.—Period of the War of Siena, when Piero Strozzi acted as generalfor Henry II of France against the Spaniards1553 A. D.^Birth of Anthony Munday, English dramatist, poet and compiler1553 A. D.—Birth of John Florio, English lexicographer, author and translator1553 A. D.—Birth of Edmund Spenser, English poet1553 A. D.—Birth of John Lyly, English dramatist1553 A. D.—Death of Francois Rabelais1554 A. D.—Birth of Sir Philip Sidney, English soldier and author1556 A. D.—Birth of Thomas Lodge, English novelist, dramatist and poet (supposeddate)1558 A. D.—John Knox's "First Blast of the Trumpet against the Monstrous Regimentof Women" published1558 A. D.—Birth of George Peele, English dramatist and poet1558-1566 A. D.—Period covered by the "Autobiography of Benvenuto Cellini"1558-1603 A. D.—Reign of Elizabeth, Queen of England1560 A. D.—Birth of Robert Greene, English dramatist, novelist and poet (supposeddate)1561 A. D.—Birth of Francis Bacon, English philosopher, jurist and statesman1561 A. D.—Birth of Robert Southwell, English poet and Jesuit martyr (supposeddate)[458]1562 A. D.—Lope de Vega, the "Spanish Shakespeare," born1562 A. D.—Birth of Henry Constable, English poet1562 A. D.—Birth of Samuel Daniel, Enjflish poet and historian1563 A. D.—Birth of Joshua Sylvester, English poet1563 A. D.—Birth of Michael Drayton, English poet1564 A. D.—^Death of fohn Calvin1564 a. d.—Birth of William Shakespeare, English poet and dramatist1564 A. D.—Birth of Christopher Marlowe, English poet and dramatist1565 A. D.—Birth of Richard Rowlands, English poet1566 A. D.—Death of Richard Edwards1567 A. D.—Birth of William Alexander, Earl of Stirling, Scottish poet and states-man (supposed date)1567 A. D.—Sir Francis Drake commanding a ship under Sir John Hawkins is de-feated by the Spaniards1567 A. D.—Birth of Robert Devereux, Earl of Essex, English courtier and soldier1567 A. D.—Birth of Thomas Campion, English poet (supposed date)1568 A. D.—Birth of Sir Henry Wotton, English diplomatist and author1568 A. D.—Death of Roger Ascham1569-1574 A. D.—Sir Walter Raleigh serves in the Huguenot Army in France1569 A. D.—^Death of Bernardo Tasso, Italian poet1570 A. D.—Birth of Thomas Dekker, English dramatist (supposed date)1571 A. D.—Death of Benvenuto Cellini1572 A. D.—Death of John Knox1573 A. D.—Birth of John Donne, English poet and divine1574 A. D.—Birth of Ben Jonson, English dramatist (supposed date)1574 A. D.—Death of Cosimo de' Medici1574 A. D.—Birth of Richard Barnfield, English poet1575 A. D.—Miguel Cervantes Saavedra, maimed for life in the battle of Lepanto,is captured by the Moors. He was a slave for five years among them.1575 A. D.—Birth of Thomas Heywood, English dramatist and miscellaneous writer(supposed date)1577 A. D.—^Birth of Robert Burton, English writer1577 A. D.-—Death of George Gascoigne1577 a. d.—Sir Francis Drake's voyage in "The Golden Hind"1578 a. d.—"Chronicles of England," by Raphael Holinshed, published1578 A. D.—Sir Humphrey Gilbert receives from Queen Elizabeth a charter to planta colony in North America1578 A. D.—Birth of William Harvey, English physiologist and anatomist1578 A. D.—Sir Walter Raleigh engages with his half-brother Sir Humphrey Gilbertin his first expedition against the Spaniards1579 A. D.—Birth of John Fletcher, English dramatist and poet1579 A. D.—Birth of Captain John Smith, English adventurer1579 A. D.—"The Shepherds Calendar," by Edmund Spenser, published1580 A. D.—Birth of John Webster, English dramatist (supposed date)1580 A. D.—Death of Raphael Holinshed1582 A. D.—Birth of Richard Corbet, English prelate and poet1583 A. D.—Birth of Philip Massinger, English dramatist1584 A. D.—Birth of Francis Beaumont, English dramatist and poet1585 A. D.—Birth of Cornelius Jansen, who gave his name to the Jansenist school1585 A. D.—Birth of William Drummond, Scottish poet1586 A. D.—Birth of Martin Rinkart, German hymn writer1586 A. D.—Drake brings home the despairing Virginian colony1586 A. D.—Death of Sir Philip Sidney1587 A. D.—Christopher Marlowe's first tragedy "Tamburlaine" produced1588 A. D.—Birth of George Wither, English poet[459]1588 A. D.—Birth of Thomas Hobbes, English philosopher1588 A. D.—Christopher Marlowe's "Doctor Faustus" first produced1590 A. D.—"The Faerie Queene," by Edmund Spenser, published1590 A. D.—Death of Ambroise Pare1591 a. d.—Christopher Marlowe's tragedy of "Edward II" is produced1591 a. d.—Birth of William Browne1591 A. D.—Birth of Robert Herrick, English lyric poet1592 A. D.—Death of Michel de Montaigne1592 A. D.—Birth of Francis Quarles, English poet1592 A. D.—Sir Walter Raleigh a prisoner in the Tower1592 A. D.—Death of Robert Greene1593 A. D.—Death of Christopher Marlowe1593 A. D.—Birth of Izaak Walton, English author; noted for his "Compleat Angler"1593 A. D.—Birth of George Herbert, English poet1594 A. D.'—Birth of GusTAVus Adolphus, King of Sweden1595 A. D.—Death of Torquato Tasso at Rome1595 A. D.—Sir Walter Raleigh discovers Guiana1595 A. D.^—Death of Robert Southwell1596 A. D.—Birth of James Shirley, English dramatist1596 A. D.—Death of Sir Francis Drake1596 A. D.—Birth of Ren^ Descartes, French philosopher1597 A. D.—Death of George Peele (supposed date)1597 A. D.—Francis Bacon's Essays first published1598 A. D.—Birth of Thomas Carew, English poet1599 A. D.—^Thomas Dekker's play, "The Shoemaker's Holiday," first acted1599 A. D.—Death of Edmund Spenser1600 A. D.—Birth of Don Pedro Calderon, Spanish dramatist and poet1601 A. D.—Death of Robert Devereux, second Earl of Essex, chief favorite of QueenElizabeth1603 A. D.—First edition of Shakespeare s "Hamlet" published1604 A. D.—Death of Edward De Vere, Earl of Oxford1604 A. D.—Beginning of Sir Walter Raleigh's imprisonment of twelve years fortreason against James I. During this period he wrote his "History of theWorld"1605 a. d.—"King Lear" first acted1605 A. D.—^The first part of "Don Quixote" published in Madrid1605 A. D.—Birth of Sir Thomas Browne, scholar and antiquary; author of "ReligioMedici"1605 A. D.—Birth of William Habington, English poet1606 A. D.—Birth of Edmund Waller, English poet1606 A. D.—Birth of Sir William D'Avenant, English poet and play-writer1606 A. D.—Death of John Lyly, English romancer and dramatist1606 A. D.—Birth of Pierre Corneille, French dramatist. The works of Corneillerepresent mosc fully the ideal of French classical tragedy1608 A. D.—Birth of Thomas Fuller, English author and divine, famous for hiswork, the "Worthies of England"i6o8 A. D.—Birth of John Milton, English poet and statesman1608 A. D.—Death of Thomas Sackville, Earl of Dorset, English poet and statesman1609 A. D.—Birth of Sir John Suckling, English poet1610 A. D.—Ben Jonson's play, "The Alchemist," first acted1610 A. D.—Shakespeare's tragedy, "Macbeth," first produced1611 A. D.—Birth of William Cartwright, English poet and divine1611 A. D.—Shakespeare's play, "The Tempest," first produced1611 A. D.—First English translation of "Don Quixote" (first part) by ThomasShelton is published[460]1 6 1 2 A . D.—Birth of Thomas JORDAN, English poet1 6 1 2 A . D.—Birth of James GRAHAM, first Marquis of Montrose1 6 1 2 A. D.—Birth of Samuel BUTLER, English satirist1 6 1 3 A. D.—Birth of Duke deL A ROCHEFOUCAULD, French epigrammatic moralist1 6 1 3 A . D.—Birth of Richard CRASHAW, English poet (supposed date)1 6 1 5 A. D.—CERVANTES'S "DON QUIXOTE" (second part ) published1 6 1 6 A. D.—Death of Francis BEAUMONT, English poet and dramatist. In collaborationwith FLETCHER wrote fifty-four plays1 6 1 6 A . D.—Death of Miguel CERVANTES Saavedra1 6 1 6 A . D.—Death of William SHAKESPEARE1618 A. D.—Birth of Abraham COWLEY, English poet and essayist1618 A. D.—Birth of Richard LOVELACE, English poet1 6 1 8 A . D.—Execution of Sir Walter RALEICH1 6 1 8 A. D.—Francis BACON, philosopher and statesman, made Lord Chancellor andBaron Verulam1 6 1 9 A . D.—Death of Thomas CAMPION1620 A. D.—Lord BACON'S "NOVUM ORGANUM" published
1620 A. D.—The MAYFLOWER COMPACT signed
¶1620 A . D.—Birth of Alexander BROME, English poet and dramatist1620 A . D.—Birth of John EVELYN, English author1621 A . D.—Francis BACON, statesman and philosopher, made Viscount St. Albans;convicted of bribery. Sentenced by House of Lords to loss of offices,imprisonment , and fine1621 A. D.—Birth of Andrew MARVELL, English poet and politician1621 A . D.—Birth of Jean deL A FONTAINE, French poet and fable writer1622 A . D.—Birth of Henry VAUGHAN, English poet1622 A. D.—Birth of Jean Baptiste MOLIERE, the "greatest of French dramatists"1623 A . D.—Birth of Blaise PASCAL, French philosopher and author1623 A . D.—John WEBSTER'S play, " The DUCHESS OF MALFI," published1623 A . D.—First folio edition of Shakespeare's plays published by HEMINGE and
Condell
¶1624 A. D.—John SMITH'S " General Historie of Virginia and New England " published1625 A . D.—MASSINGER'S play, " A NEW WAY TO PAY OLD DEBTS," first acted1625 A . D.—Death of John WEBSTER (supposed date)1625 A . D.—Death of John FLETCHER1625 A . D.—Death of Thomas LODGE1626 A . D.—Death of Nicholas BRETON (supposed date )1626 A. D.—Death of Francis BACON1627 A. D.—Birth of Jacques Benigne BOSSUET, French pulpit orator1627 A . D.—BACON'S "NEW ATLANTIS" published1628 A . D.—William HARVEY'S work on " The Circulation of the Blood " published inLatin at Frankfort1628 A . D.—Birth of Sir William TEMPLE, English statesman and essayist1631 A. D.—Death of Michael DRAYTON1631 A . D.—Death of Captain John SMITH1631 A . D.—Birth of John DRYDEN English dramatist, poet, and critic
1632 A. D.—Death of GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS
¶1632 A . D.—Birth of John LOCKE, English philosopher1633 A . D.—Birth of Samuel PEPYS, English diarist1633 A . D.—Death of George HERBERT1633 A. D.—Death of Anthony MUNDAY1633 A . D.—Abraham COWLEY'S "Poetical Blossoms" published1635 A . D.—Death of LOPE DE VEGA1636 A . D.—Birth of Nicolas BoiLEAU-Despreaux, greatest French critic of the 1 7 t hcentury[461]1637 A. D.—Death of Ben Jonson1637 A. D.—^Ren^ Descartes's "Discourse on Method" published1639 A. D.—The first American constitution of government, adopted by a populconvention of the towns, Windsor, Wethersfield, and Hartford1639 A. D.—Birth of Sir Charles Sedley, English poet and dramatist1639 A. D.—Birth of Jean Baptiste Racine, greatest of French classical dramatists1640 A. D.—Death of Philip Massinger1640 A. D.—Death of Robert Burton1641 A. D.—Death of Thomas Dekker (supposed date)1641 A. D.—Milton's "Prelatical Episcopacy" published1641 A. D.—Milton's "Reformation of England" published1641 A. D.—^The first code of laws established in New England; known as "TheBody of Liberties"1642 A. D.-—Death of Sir John Suckling (supposed date)1642 A. D.—Sir Thomas Browne's "Religio Medici" published1642 A. D.-—The Long Parliament closes the theaters1642 A. D.—Birth of Sir Isaac Newton, "The greatest English mathematician andphysicist"1644 A. D.—John WiNTHROP, Deputy Governor of Massachusetts, publishes a documenton "Arbitrary Government"1644 A. D.—Birth of William Penn, the founder of Pennsylvania1644 A. D.—Milton's "Areopacitica" and "Tractate on Education" published1647 A. D.—Abraham Cowley's "The Wish" published1649 A. D.—King Charles I of England executed1650 A. D.—Death of Ren^ Descartes1651 A. D.—^Thomas Hobbes's "Leviathan" published1653 A. D.—Cromwell and his council of Officers adopt "The Instrument ofGovernment"1653 A. D.—Oliver Cromwell becomes Lord Protector of England1653 A. D.—Izaak Walton's "The Compleat Angler" published1656 A. D.—Sir Henry Vane published "A Healing Question" on the subject of civiland religious liberty1656-1657 A. D.—Pascal's "Letters" published1657 A. D.—Death of William Harvey1657 A. D.—Birth of John Dennis, English critic and dramatist1660—1672 A. D.—John BuNYAN in prison1661 A. D.—Birth of Charles Montague, Earl of Halifax, English statesman andfinancier1661 A. D.—Birth of Daniel Defoe, English novelist, author of "Robinson Crusoe"1662 A. D.—Death of Blaise Pascal1664 A. D.—Birth of Matthew Prior, English poet and diplomatist1665 A. D.—^Birth of Lady Grisel Baillie, Scottish poet1666 A. D.—John Dryden's "Annus Mirabilis" published. It procured for him in1670 the Poet Laureateship1667 A. D.—Birth of Jonathan Swift, "Greatest of English satirists"1667 A. D.—Milton's "Paradise Lost" published1667 A. D.—Death of Jeremy Taylor1667 A. D.—Death of George Wither1668 A. D.—William Penn a prisoner in the Tower1670 A, D.—John Dryden appointed Poet Laureate1670 A. D.—^John Eliot's "Brief Narrative" on the Indians published1670 A. D.—Izaak Walton's "Life of George Herbert" published1671 A. D.—Birth of Anthony Ashley Cooper, third Earl of Shaftesbury, moralist1671 A. D.—Birth of Colley Gibber, English actor and dramatist1672 A. D.—Birth of Richard Steele, English essayist and dramatist[462]1672 A. D.—Birth of Joseph ADDISON, English poet and essayist1673 A. D.—Death of Jean Baptiste Poquelin MOLIERE1674 A. D.—Birth of Isaac WATTS, English nonconformist theologian, hymn writerand author1674 A. D.—Death of Robert HERRICK1674 A. D.—Death of John MILTON1675 A. D.—Birth of Ambrose PHILIPS, English poet arid dramatist (supposed date)1678 A. D.—Birth of Henry St. John , first Viscount BOLINGBROKE, English statesman,author and orator1678 A. D.-—First edition of John BUNYAN'S "PILGRIM'S PROGRESS" appears1679 A. D.—Death of Thomas HOBBES1680 A. D.—Death of Samuel BUTLER1681 A. D.—Birth of Esther JOHNSON, Swift's "Stella"1681 A. D.—Death of Pedro CALDERON del a Barca1681 A. D.—William PENN obtains a charter creating him proprietor and governor ofEast New Jersey and Pennsylvania1682 A. D.—Death of Sir Thomas BROWNE1683 A. D.—Death of Izaak WALTON1684 A. D.—Death of Pierre CORNEILLE1685 A. D.—Birth of George BERKELEY, Bishop of Cloyne, English metaphysicalphilosopher1685 A . D.—Birth of John GAY, English poet1686 A. D.—Birth of Allan RAMSAY, Scottish pastoral poet1687 A. D.—Sir Isaac NEWTON'S "PRINCIPIA" published1687 A. D.—Death of Edmund WALLER1688 A . D.—Birth of Alexander POPE, English poet and critic1688 A. D.—Death of John BUNYAN1689 A. D.—Birth of Lady Mary Wortley MONTAGU, English poet and letter writer1689 A. D.—Birth of Samuel RICHARDSON, " the founder of the English domestic novel"1690 A. D.—John LOCKE'S "Essay Concerning Human Understanding " published1694 A. D.—Birth of Lord CHESTERFIELD (Philip D or me r Stanhope ) , English courtier,wit and orator1694 A. D.—Birth of VOLTAIRE (Francois Marie Arouet ) , French philosopher1695 A. D.-—Death of Jean deL A FONTAINE1699 A. D.—Birth of Alexander Ross, Scottish poet1699 A. D.-—Death of Jean Baptiste RACINE1700 A. D.—Death of John DRYDEN1700 A. D.—Birth of James THOMSON, Scottish poet1703 A. D.—Death of Samuel PEPYS1704 A. D.—Death of Jacques Benigne BOSSUET1704 A. D.—Birth of William HAMILTON of Bangour, Scottish poet1704 A . D.—Death of John LOCKE1706 A. D.—Birth of Benjamin FRANKLIN, American statesman, scientist and author1707 A . D.—Birth of Henry FIELDING, English novelist1707 A . D.—Birth of Charles WESLEY, English hymn writer1709 A . D.—Birth of Samuel JOHNSON, English lexicographer, essayist and poet1711 A . D.—Alexander POPE'S "Essay on Criticism" written1711 A. D.—Birth of David HUME, English philosopher and historian1711 A. D.—"The Spectator" commenced publication1711 A. D.—Death of Nicolas BoiLEAU-Despreaux1712 A. D.—Birth of Alison Rutherford COCKBURN, Scottish ballad writer1712 A. D.—Birth of Jean Jacques ROUSSEAU, French author1713 A. D.—Bishop George BERKELEY'S "DIALOGUES BETWEEN HYLAS AND PHILONOUJ"published1713 A. D.—Joseph ADDISON'S drama " Cato " appeared[463]7 1 3 A. D.—Death of Lord SHAFTESBURY ( Anthony Ashley Cooper)7 1 3 A. D.—Birth of Laurence STERNE, English author7 1 3 A. D.—Jonathan SWIFT appointed Dean of St. Patrick's, Dublin , Ireland7 1 5 A. D.—Alexander POPE'S translations from Homer published7 1 5 A. D.—Death of Charles Montague , Earl of HALIFAX7 1 6 A. D.—Birth of Thomas GRAY, English poet7 1 8 A. D.—Death of William PENN7 1 9 A. D.—Death of Joseph ADDISON720 A. D.—Birth of John WOOLMAN, English Quaker preacher and social reformer721 A. D.—Birth of William COLLINS, English poet721 A. D.—Birth of John SKINNER, Scottish poet721 A. D.—Death of Matthew PRIOR722 A. D.—Birth of Christopher SMART, English poet723 A. D.—Birth of Adam SMITH, political economist and moral philosopher723 A. D.—Death of Esther VANHOMRIGH, Swift's " Vanessa "724 A. D.—Birth of Immanuel KANT, German metaphysician726 A. D.—Birth of Adam AUSTIN, English poet (supposed date)727 A. D.—Birth of Jane ELLIOT, English poet7 2 7 A. D.—Death of Sir Isaac NEWTON728 A. D.—Death of Esther JOHNSON ("Stella")728 A. D.—Birth of Oliver GOLDSMITH, English author and poet729 A. D.—Birth of Edmund BURKE, English statesman and orator729 A. D.—Death of Sir Richard STEELE729 A. D.—Birth of Gotthold Ephraim LESSING, German critic and dramatist731 A. D.—Death of Daniel DEFOE731 A. D.—Birth of William COWPER, English poet732 A. D.—"Poor Richard's Almanac " by FRANKLIN is commenced732 A. D.—Death of John GAY733 A. D.—Alexander POPE'S "ESSAY ON MAN" published734 A. D.—Death of John DENNIS735 A. D.—Birth of Robert GRAHAM of Gartmore739-40 A. D.—David HUME'S "Treatise of Human Nature " published740 A. D.—Birth of James BOSWELL, " the greatest of English biographers"741 A. D.—Birth of Isobel PAGAN, Scottish poet742 A. D.—Henry FIELDING'S "Joseph Andrews " published742 A. D.—Birth of Anne HUNTER, English poet742 A. D.—David HUME'S Essays (first part) published743 A. D.—Birth of Anna Letitia BARBAULD, English poet744 A. D.—Death of Alexander POPE745 A. D.—Birth of Charles DIBDIN, English song writer and dramatist745 A. D.—Death of Jonathan SWIFT745 A. D.—Birth of Hannah MORE, English religious writer746 A. D.—Birth of Sir William JONES, English Orientalist and linguist746 A. D.—Birth of Hector MACNEIL, Scottish poet747 A. D.—Birth of Susanna BLAMIRE748 A. D.—Death of Isaac WATTS748 A. D.—Death of James THOMSON748 A. D.—Birth of John LOGAN, Scottish poet .749 A. D.—Birth of Edward JENNER, English physician and discoverer of vaccination749 A. D.—Birth of Johann Wolfgang von GOETHE, German poet and critic750 A. D.—Birth of Lady Anne LINDSAY750 A. D.—Samuel JOHNSON'S " Rambler " started751 A. D.—Thomas GRAY'S "ELEGY WRITTEN IN A COUNTRY CHURCHYARD" published7 5 1 A. D.—Birth of Richard Brinsley SHERIDAN, English dramatist, orator, andstatesman[464]1 7 5 1 A . D.—Death of Henry St. John, Viscount BOLINGBROKE1 7 5 2 A. D.—Birth of Thomas CHATTERTON, English poet1753 A . D.—Death of Bishop George BERKELEY1754 A. D.—Death of Henry FIELDING1 7 5 4 - 1 7 6 2 A. D.—David HUME'S "History of England " published1 7 5 5 A . D.—Birth of John DUNLOP, English poet1 7 5 5 A . D.—Dr. Samuel JOHNSON'S Dictionary published1 7 5 6 A . D.—Edmund BURKE'S Essay on the "SUBLIME AND BEAUTIFUL" published1 7 5 7 A . D.—Thomas GRAY'S "Pindaric Odes " published1 7 5 7 A . D.—Birth of William BLAKE, English poet and painter1 7 5 7 A . D.—Benjamin FRANKLIN is sent to England to protest against the proprietarygovernment of the colony of Pennsylvania1758 A . D.—Samuel JOHNSON'S " Idler " started1 7 5 9 A . D.—Birth of Robert BURNS, the greatest of Scottish poets1 7 5 9 A . D.—Birth of Johann Christoph Fricdrich von SCHILLER, German poet,dramatist, and historian1 7 6 1 A . D.—Birth of August Friedrich Ferdinand von KOTZEBUE, German dramatist1 7 6 1 A . D.—Death of Samuel RICHARDSON1 7 6 2 A . D.—Birth of Will i j m COBBETT, English political writer1 7 6 2 A. D.—Birth of William Lisle BOWLES, English poet and antiquary1762 A . D.—J. J. ROUSSEAU'S " Contra t Social" publishedJ 762 A . D.—Death of Lady Mary Wortley MONTAGU1763 A. D.—Birth of Samuel ROGERS, English poet1764 A. D.—FRANKLIN petitions George III to resume the government of the colonyfrom the hands of the proprietors1 7 6 5 A . D.—Samuel JOHNSON'S edition of Shakespeare's works published1 7 6 6 A . D.—Birth of Caroline Oliphant, Lady NAIRNE, a Scottish poet known as " TheFlower of Strat hear n "1 7 6 6 A. D.—Oliver GOLDSMITH'S "Vicar of Wakefield " published1 7 6 7 A . D.—Birth of August Wilhelm von SCHLEGEL, German poet and critic; translator of Shakespeare1768 A. D.—Oliver GOLDSMITH'S first dramatic attempt, " The Good - Natured Man , "produced1768 A . D/—Death of Laurence STERNE1 7 7 0 A . D.—Oliver Goldsmith ' s "DESERTED VILLAGE" published1 7 7 0 A . D.—Death of Thomas CHATTERTON1 7 7 0 A . D.—Birth of James HOGG, Scottish poet1 7 7 0 A . D.—Birth of William WORDSWORTH, English poet1 7 7 1 A . D.—Birth of Sir Walter SCOTT, Scottish novelist and poet1 7 7 1 A . D.—Death of Thomas GRAY1 7 7 1 A. D.—Birth of Sydney SMITH, English wit and essayist1 7 7 2 A . D.—Death of John WOOLMAN1 7 7 2 A . D.—Birth of Samuel Taylor COLERIDGE, English poet, philosopher and critic1 7 7 3 A . D.—Johann Wolfgang von GOETHE'S first important work , " Go e t z vonBerlichingen," produced1 7 7 3 A . D.—Death of Lord CHESTERFIELD (Philip D or me r Stanhope )1 7 7 3 A . D.—Oliver GOLDSMITH'S comedy, "SHE STOOPS TO CONQUER," first produced1 7 7 4 A . D.—Birth of Robert TANNAHILL, Scottish poet1 7 7 4 A . D.—Birth of Robert SOUTHEY, English poet and prose writer1 7 7 4 A . D.—Death of Oliver GOLDSMITH1 7 7 5 A . D.—Birth of Charles LAMB, English essayist and critic1 7 7 5 A . D.—Birth of Joseph Blanco WHITE, English clergyman and author1 7 7 5 A . D.—Birth of Walter Savage LANDOR, English poet and prose writer1 7 7 5 A. D.—Richard Brinsley SHERIDAN'S " The Rivals" first produced1 7 7 5 A. D.—Benjamin FRANKLIN chosen a member of the Continental Congress[465]1776 A. D.—The Declaration of Independence adopted by the second ContinentalCongress1776 A. D.—Death of David Hume1776 A. D.—Franklin sent to France as commissioner for the United States1776 A. D.—Adam Smith's "Wealth of Nations" published1777 A. D.—Richard Brinsley Sheridan's "School for Scandal" produced1777 A. D.—Birth of Thomas Campbell, English poet1778 A. D.—Birth of William Hazlitt, English critic and essayist1778 A. D.—Death of J. J. Rousseau1778 A. D.—Death of Jean Franfois Marie Arouet, called Voltaire1779 A. D.—Birth of Robert Surtees, English author1779 A. D.—Birth of Thomas Moore, Irish poet1780 A. D.—Richard Brinsley Sheridan enters Parliament1780 A. D.—Birth of William EUery Channing, American clergyman, essayist andphilanthropist1781 A. D.—^The surrender of Lord Cornwallis at Yorktown1781 A. D.—Immanuel Kant's "Critique of Pure Reason" published1781 a. d.—Death of Gotthold Ephraim Lessing1783 A. D.—Treaty of Peace between the United States and Great Britain,by which the War of the Revolution was ended and the United Statesrecognized by Great Britain as a free and independent nation1783 A. D.—Birth of Reginald Heber, English prelate and hymn writer1783 A. D.—Birth of Washington Irving, American historian, essayist and novelist1784 A. D.—Death of Samuel Johnson1784 A. D.—Birth of Allan Cunningham, Scottish poet and general writer1784 A. D.—Birth of Leigh Hunt, English essayist and poet1785 A. D.—Birth of Count Alessandro Manzoni, Italian novelist and poet1785 A. D.—William Cowper's "Task" published1785 A. D.—-"Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysics of Morals," byImmanuel Kant, published1785 A. D.—Birth of Jakob Grimm, German philologist and writer1785 A. D.—Birth of Thomas De Quincey, English essayist and miscellaneous writer1786 A. D.—Birth of Wilhelm Grimm, German philologist and writer1787 A. D.—Birth of Fran9ois Pierre Guillaume Guizot, French historian andstatesman1787 A. D.—Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's play of "Egmont" begun, publishedtwelve years later1787 A. D.—"The Federalist," articles by Alexander Hamilton, James Madisonand John Jay, begun in "The Independent Journal," New York1787 A. D.—^The Constitution of the United States is drawn up at Philadelphia1788 A. D.—Death of Charles Wesley1788 A. d.—Birth of Lord Byron (George Gordon), English poet1788 A. D.—Birth of Sir Aubrey De Vere, Irish poet1788 A. D.—Richard Brinsley Sheridan delivers his great speech at the trial ofWarren Hastings1789 A. D.—Washington delivers his first inaugural address1789 a. d.—Nine of the thirteen United States ratify the Constitution1790 A. D.—Edmund Burke's "Reflections on the Revolution in France"published1790 A. D.—Death of Benjamin Franklin1791 A. D.—Birth of Charles Wolfe, British clergyman and poet1791 A. D.—Birth of Michael Faraday, English physicist and chemist1792 A. D.—Birth of John Keble, English clergyman and religious poet1792-1793 A. D.—Johann Wolfgang von Goethe takes part in the wars againstFrance[466]1792 A. D.—Birth of Percy Bysshe Shelley, English poet1793 A. D.—Birth of Henry Francis Lyte, British hymn writer1793 A. D.—Queen Marie Antoinette of France guillotined1794 A. D.—Birth of John Gibson Lockhart, Scottish author1794 A. D.—The United States Treaty with the Six Nations of Indiansconcluded1794 A. D.—Edmund Burke delivers a nine days' speech in the Warren Hastings trial1794 A. D.—Birth of William Cullen Bryant, American poet and journalist1795 A. D.—Birth of George Darley, English poet1795 A. D.—Birth of Thomas Carlyle, Scottish essayist and historian1795 A. D.—Birth of John Keats, English poet1795 A. D.—Death of James Boswell1796 A. D.—Washington's Farewell Address read in the House of Representatives1796 A. D.—"A Letter from the Right Hon. Edmund Burke to a Noble Lord"appears1796 A. D.—Edward Jenner makes his first experiment in vaccination1796 A. D.—Death of Robert Burns1796 A. D.—Birth of Hartley Coleridge, English poet1797 A. D.—Birth of Sir Charles Lyell, English geologist'797 A- D-—Death of Edmund Burke1798 A. D.—Jenner's First Treatise on the Small-pox published1798 A. D.—Birth of Thomas Hood, English poet and humorist1798 A. D.—Coleridge's "Ancient Mariner" published1799 A. D.—Birth of Heinrich Heine, German poet and critic1800 A. D.—Death of William Cowper1800 A. D.—Birth of Thomas Babington Macaulay, English historian, essayist, poetand statesman1801 a. d.—Birth of Sir Henry Lytton, Earl Bulwer1802 A. D.—Birth of Hugh Miller, Scottish geologist and writer1802 A. D.—Birth of Victor Marie Hugo, French lyric poet and novelist1803 A. D.—Treaty with France, for the Cession of Louisiana, concluded1803 A. D.—Birth of Ralph Waldo Emerson, American essayist, lecturer and poet1804 A. D.—Death of Immanuel Kant1804 A. D.—Birth of Robert Stephen Hawker, English poet and divine1804 A. D.—Birth of Charles Augustin Sainte-Beuve, French critic1805 A. D.—Death of Johann Christoph Friedrich Schiller1805 A. D.—Birth of Sarah Flower Adams, English poet, author of "Nearer, myGod, to Thee"1805 A. D.—Birth of Hans Christian Andersen, Danish novelist, poet and writerof fairy tales1806 A. D.—Birth of Elizabeth Barrett Browning, English poet1806 A. D.—Birth of John Stuart Mill, English philosopher and economist1807 A. D.—Birth of Lady Dufferin, Irish poet1807 A. D.—Birth of Henry Wads worth Longfellow, American poet1807 A. D.—Birth of John Greenleaf Whittier, American poet1808 A. D.—Birth of Ray Palmer, American hymn writer1808 A. D.-—Birth of Giuseppe Mazzini, Italian patriot and writer1808 A. D.—Birth of Charles Tennyson Turner, English poet1809 A. D.—Birth of Edgar Allan Poe, American poet and story writer1809 A. D.—Birth of Oliver Wendell Holmes, American poet, essayist and novelist1809 A. D.—Birth of Richard Monckton Milnes, Lord Houghton, English statesman,poet and miscellaneous writer1809 A. D.—Birth of Alfred Tennyson, English poet1809 A. D.—Birth of Charles Robert Darwin, English naturalist, founder of the"Darwinian" theory of evolution[467]1809 A. D.—Birth of Edward Fitzgerald, English poet, translator of the "Rubaiyat"of Omar Khayyaml8io A. D.—Birth of Sir Samuel Ferguson, Irish poeti8ii A. D.—Birth of William Makepeace Thackeray, English novelist, satirist andcritic1812-1815 A. D.—"Kinder- und Hausmarchen," fairy stories by the Brothers Grimm,published1812 A. D.—Birth of Robert Browning, English poet and dramatist1812 A. D.—Birth of Charles Dickens, English novelist1813 A. D.—Birth of William Edmondstoune Aytoun, Scottish lawyer, poet andeditor1814 A. D.—Birth of Frederick William Faber, English hymn writeri8i6 A. D.—Death of Richard Brinsley Sheridan, English orator, wit and dramatist1817 A. D.—Lord Byron's first poetic draina "Manfred" appears1817 A. D.—Agreement between Great Britain and the United States Regard-ing the Naval Force to be Maintained on the Great Lakes1817 A. D.—Birth of Henry David Thoreau, American author1818 a. d.—Birth of Emily Bronte, English poet and novelist1819 A. D.—Spain cedes Florida to the United States1819 A. D.—Birth of Arthur Hugh Clough, English poet1819 A. D.—Chief Justice John Marshall, delivers his opinion in the case ofMcCulloch vs. Maryland1819 A. D.—Birth of Walt Whitman, American poet1819 A. d.—Birth of James Russell Lowell, American poet, critic and scholar1819 A. D.—Birth of John Ruskin, English art critic1821 A. D.—Death of John Keats1822 a. d.—Death of Percy Bysshe Shelley1822 a. d.—Birth of Louis Pasteur, French chemist and bacteriologist, founder ofmodern stereo-chemistry and discoverer of cure for hydrophobia1822 A. D.—Birth of Matthew Arnold, English poet and critic1823 A. D.—President James Monroe promulgates his doctrine, the so-called MonroeDoctrine, against foreign encroachment and interference in the Americas1823 A. D.—Birth of William Johnson Cory, English poet1823 A. D.—Birth of Coventry Patmore, English poet and writer1823 A. d.—^Thomas Carlyle's first long work, "Life of Schiller" published1823 A. D.—Death of Edward Jenner1823 A. D.—Birth of Professor Max Muller, German-English philologist1823 A. D.—Birth of Ernest Renan, French philologist and religious historian1823 A. D.—Birth of Edward Augustus Freeman, English historian1823 A. D.—Charles Lamb's "Essays of Elia" published1824 A. D.—Birth of Sydney Dobell, English poet1824 A. D.—Death of Lord Byron1824 A. D.—Birth of George MacDonald, Scottish novelist and poet1824 A. D.—Birth of William Allingham, Irish poet1825-1826 A. D.—Alessandro Manzoni's masterpiece, the novel, "I Promessi Sposi"("The Betrothed"), published1825 A. D.—Birth of Thomas Henry Huxley, English biologist1825 A. D.^—Lord Macaulay's Essays published,1826 A. D.—Death of Reginald Heber1826 A. D.—Birth of Walter Bacehot, English economist, publicist and journalist1827 A. D.—Birth of Joseph Lister, founder of antiseptic surgery1828 A. D.—Birth of Dante Gabriel Rossetti, English poet and painter1828 A. D.—Birth of George Meredith, English novelist and poet1828 A. D.—Birth of Hippolyte Adolphe Taine, French historian1829 A. D.—Birth of Alexander Smith, Scottish poet[468]1830 A. D.—Birth of Thomas Edward Brown, English poet1830 A. D.—Birth o£ Christina Rossetti, English poet1830 A. D.—Lyell's "Principles o£ Geology" published1830 A. D.—Death of William Hazlitt1831 A. D.—Birth of Edward, Earl of Lytton, English poet1831 A. D.—On the 27th of December Charles Darwin started on his famous voyagearound the world in Her Majesty's ship "Beagle"1832 A. D.—Death of Sir Walter Scott1832 A. D.—Death of Wolfgang von Goethe1832 A. D.—Mazzini exiled from France1833 A. D.—Browning's first published poem, "Pauline," appears1833 A. D.—^John Henry Newman cooperates with Froude and others in foundingthe "Oxford Movement"1834 A. D.—Death of Samuel Taylor Coleridge1834 A. D.—Birth of William Morris, English poet1834 A. D.—Birth of James Thomson (B. V.), Scottish poet1834 A. D.—Death of Charles Lamb1835 A. D.—Birth of Sir Archibald Geikie, Scottish geologist1835 A. D.—First volume of fairy tales by Hans Christian Andersen is published1837 A. D.—Birth of Algernon Charles Swinburne, English poet1839 A. D.—Birth of Francis Bret Harte, American author and poet1841 A. D.—Birth of Robert Buchanan, English poet and novelist1841 A. D.—Emerson's Essays published1842 A. D.—Birth of Sidney Lanier, American poet and author1842 A. D.—^Treaty between the United States and Great Britain on theBoundaries Question, ratified1842 A. d.—Death of William Ellery Channing1843 A. D.—John Ruskin's "Modern Painters" (First volume) appears1843 A. D.—Browning's tragedy, "A Blot in the 'Scutcheon, is published and acted1843 A. D.—Death of Robert Southey1844 A. D.—Birth of Arthur O'Shaughnessy, English poet1844 A. D.—Birth of John Boyle O'Reilly, Irish-American poet and journalist1845 A. D.—J. H. Newman leaves the Anglican Church for the Catholic1845 A. D.—Poe's "Raven" published1845 A. D.—Death of Sydney Smith1846 A. D.—^Thackeray's "'Vanity Fair" published1848-1849 A. D.—Mazzini returns from banishment to join the Italian revolutionwhen the French besieged Rome and ended the Roman Republic1848 A. D.—^Treaty of Peace between the United States and Mexico, ratified1848 A. D.—Macaulay's "History of England" published1849 a. d.—Birth of William Ernest Henley, English author1849 A. D.—Death of Edgar Allan Poe1850 A. D.—^The Fugitive Slave Act passed in the United States1850 A. D.—^Thackeray's "Pendennis" published1850 A. D.—Death of William Lisle Bowles1850 A. D.—Birth of Robert Louis Stevenson, Scottish author1850 A. D.—Death of William Wordsworth1852 A. d.—Death of Thomas Moore1853 A- ■>•—Irish text and English translation of "The Battle of Gabra" by NicholasO'Kearney first published1854 A. D.—^Thoreau's "Walden" published1855 A. D.—Walt Whitman's "Leaves of Grass" published1855 a. d.—Thackeray's "The Newcomes" published1856 A. D.—Death of Heinrich Heine1857 A. D.—Mazzini joins the insurrection in Italy fighting under Garibaldi[469]1857-1859 A. D.—^Thackeray's "The Virginians" published1859 A. D.—Darwin's "Origin of Species" published1859 A. D.—John Stuart Mill's "Essay on Liberty" published1859 a. d.—Death o£ Leigh Hunt1859 A. D.—Death of Lord Macaulay1859 A. D.—Death of Thomas De Quincey1861 A. D.—President Lincoln delivers his first inaugural address1861 A. D.—Death of Elizabeth Barrett Browning1862 A. D.—Death of H. D. Thoreau1863 A. D.—President Lincoln's Gettysburg Address1863 A. D.—President Lincoln's Proclamation of Amnesty1863 A. D.—The Emancipation Proclamation issued by President Abraham Lincoln1863 A. D.—Taine's "History of English Literature" published1863 A. D.—Death of William M. Thackeray1864 A. D.—Death of Walter Savage Landor1865 A. D.—General Robert E. Lee surrenders at Appomattox1865 A. D.—Genera! Lee's Farewell to his Army1865 A. D.—President Lincoln's Second Inaugural Address1865 a. d.—J. R. Lowell's "Commemoration Ode" published1866 A. D.—President Johnson's Proclamation Declaring the Insurrection atAN End1866 A. D.—Death of John Keble1867 A. D.—^The United States concludes a Treaty with Russia, Annexing Alaskaby purchase1867 a. d.—Death of Michael Faraday1867 A. D.—^John Stuart Mill begins his "Autobiography"1867-1879 A. D.—E. A. Freeman's "History of the Norman Conquest" published1869 A. D.—Death of Charles Augustin Sainte-Beuve1869 A. D.—John Stuart Mill issues his "Subjection of Women," a standard pleafor the rights of women1870 A. D.—Death of Charles Dickens1872 A. D.—Death of Giuseppe Mazzini1873 A. D.—Death of John Stuart Mill1874 A. D.—Death of Franfois Pierre Guizot1875 A. D.—Death of Sir Charles Lyell1875 A. D.—Death of Hans Christian Andersen1878 A. d.—Death of William Cullen Bryant1879 A. d.—John Henry Newman made a Cardinal1881 A. D.—Death of Thomas Carlyle1882 A. D.—Death of Charles Darwin1882 A. D.—Death of Henry W. Longfellow1882 A. D.—Death of Ralph Waldo Emerson1882 A. D.—Sir Archibald Geikie's "Geographical Evolution" published1885 A. D.—Death of Victor Hugo1888-1894 A. D.—Ernest Renan's "History of Israel" published1888 A. D.—Death of Matthew Arnold1891 A. D.—Death of James Russell Lowell1892 A. D.—Death of Walt Whitman1892 A. D.—Death of John G. Whittier1892 A. D.—Death of Alfred, Lord Tennyson1892 A. D.—Death of Ernest Renan1892 A. D.—Death of Edward Bulwer, Earl of Lytton1893 A. D.—Death of Hippolyte Adolphe Taine1894 A. D.—Death of Oliver Wendell Holmes1895 A. D.—^Death of Louis Pasteur[470]1895 A. D.—Death of Thomas Henry HUXLEY1896 A. D.—Death of William MORRIS1898 A. D.—ANNEXATION OF THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS by the United States1898 A. D.—TREATY OF PEACE signed BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND SPAIN1898 A. D.—RECOGNITION OF THE INDEPENDENCE OF CUBA BY THE UNITED STATES1904 A. D.—CONVENTION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND THE REPUBLIC OF
Panama
M 1 tions from The Harvard Classicswhich I have prepared in consultation withDr. Neilson for the use of boys and girls offrom twelve to eighteen years of age, inanswer to your suggestion of October fourth."
p. 473¶SELECTIONS FROM THE FIVE-FOOT
Shelf of Books
¶For Boys and Girls from Twelve to Eighteen
Years of AgeVol. Page
¶iEsop's Fables XVII 11-44
¶Grimm's Tales XVII 47-218 Andersen's Tales XVII 221-361 Homer—The Odyssey XXII
¶Virgil—TA<? j^neid XIII
¶The Arabian Nights XVI
¶The Song of Roland XLIX 95-195 Robin Hood XL 128-186 Traditional Ballads—Selections at pleasure . XL
¶Malory, Sir Thomas—T^e Holy Grail . . . XXXV 105-214 Voyages and Travels XXXIII
¶Benjamin Franklin—Autobiography ... I 5-162 John Bunyan—The Pilgrim's Progress . . . XV 5-319 Shakespeare—Macbeth and The Tempest . . XLVI 319-463 Thomas Dekker—The Shoemaker's Holiday . XLVII 469-537 Plutarch's Lives XII
¶Froissart XXXV 7-101 Ambroise Pare—Journeys XXXVIII 9-58
¶Manzoni—The Betrothed XXI
¶R. H. Dana—Two Years before the Mast . . XXIII
¶Darwin—The Voyage of the Beagle .... XXIX
¶Joseph Addison—The Vision of Mirza . . . XXVII 73-77 Goldsmith—She Stoops to Conquer .... XVTII 205-269
¶The Deserted Village .... XLI 509-519 Schiller—IF/7//fl»j Tell XXVI 379-489 Goethe—Hermann and Dorothea .... XIX 337-4^0 Michael Drayton—Agincourt and To the Vir-
¶ginian Voyage XL 222-228 CowpER—John Gilpin XLI 546-554 Wordsworth—Michael XLI 615-627 Sir Walter Scott—Poems XLI 738-756
Vol. Page
¶Macaulay—Poems XLI 915-917 Coleridge—The Ancient Mariner , . . . XLI 682-701 James Hogg—Kilmeny XLI 75^~765 Thomas Campbell—Poems XLI 770-781 Lord Byron—The Prisoner of Chilian . . , XLI 8oi-8n Lord Byron—The Destruction of Sennacherib . XLI 785
¶Lord Byron—The Isles of Greece XLI 812-815 Thomas Moore—Poems XLI 816-822 Leigh Hunt—Abou Ben Adhem XLI 870-871 Keats—The Eve of St. Agnes XLI 883-893 Tennyson—Morte d'Arthur XLII 986-992 Sir Galahad XLII 1002-1004 The Charge of the Light Brigade . XLII 1005-1007
¶The Revenge XLII 1007-1010 RusKiN—Sesame and Lilies XXVTII 93-162
¶Thackeray—The End of the Play .... XLII 1058-1060 Robert Browning—How They Brought the
¶Good News XLII 1066-1067 Sydney Dobell—The Ballad of Keith of Ravel-
¶ston XLII 1114-1116 Dante Gabriel Rossetti—The King's Tragedy XLII 1153-1178 William E. Henley—England, My England . XLII 1210-1212 Bryant—Robert of Lincoln XLII 1215-1217
¶To a Waterfowl XLII 1222-1223 Henry Wadsworth Longfellow—Poems . . XLII 1264-1338 John G. Whittier—Randolph of Roano\e . . XLII 1341-1344 Barclay of Ury .... XLII 1347-1351 The Barefoot Boy . . . XLII 1355-1357 The Pipes at Lucl(now . XLII 1360-1362
¶Barbara Frietchie . . . XLII 1362-1364 Oliver Wendell Holmes—The Chambered
¶Nautilus . . . XLII 1365-1366
¶Old Ironsides . . XLII 1366
¶Sidney Lanier—The Revenge of Hamish . . XLII 1393~1398 Frank A. Haskell—The Battle of Gettysburg . XLIII 326
¶Abraham Lincoln—Speech at Gettysburg . . XLIII 415
¶Selections—From Sacred Writings .... XLIV
¶Some representation of each of the
¶six religions XLV